 |
| Thanaweya Amma English – Past Simple vs Past Continuous |
بعد الـPresent Tenses، نبدأ أهم مقارنة في أزمنة الماضي: Past Simple vs Past Continuous.
1️⃣ Past Simple — الماضي البسيط
التركيب
Subject + Past Simple (V2)
I visited my uncle yesterday.
She went to school early.
نستخدمه مع:
① حدث بدأ وانتهى في الماضي
I finished my homework yesterday.
أنهيت واجبي أمس.
Ahmed bought a new phone last week.
② سلسلة أحداث متتالية في الماضي
She opened the door, entered the room and sat down.
الأحداث حصلت واحدًا وراء الآخر.
③ عادة قديمة انتهت
When I was young, I played football every day.
كلمات دالة شائعة
yesterday – ago – last week/month/year – in 2020 – when I was young
2️⃣ Past Continuous — الماضي المستمر
التركيب
Subject + was / were + V-ing
I / He / She / It → was working
You / We / They → were working
نستخدمه مع:
① حدث كان مستمرًا في وقت معين في الماضي
At 8 p.m. yesterday, I was studying.
يعني الساعة 8 كنت في منتصف المذاكرة.
② حدث مستمر قطعه حدث قصير
I was sleeping when the phone rang.
🔵 was sleeping = الحدث المستمر
🔴 rang = الحدث القصير الذي قطعه
③ حدثان كانا مستمرين في نفس الوقت
While I was studying, my brother was watching TV.
④ وصف الخلفية في قصة
The sun was shining, the birds were singing, and people were walking in the park.
3️⃣ When vs While
دي من أهم نقاط الدرس.
While + Past Continuous
While I was studying, my friend called me.
When + Past Simple
I was studying when my friend called me.
إذن:
While + was/were + V-ing
when + Past Simple
⚠️ لكن لا تحفظها كقاعدة آلية 100%؛ المعنى هو الأساس.
when وwhile يمكن أن يظهرا في تراكيب أخرى حسب العلاقة الزمنية.
4️⃣ أهم فرق بين الزمنين
تخيل إن عندنا حدثًا طويلًا وحدثًا قصيرًا قطعه:
I was driving home when I saw the accident.
was driving ➜ كنت في منتصف القيادة.
saw ➜ حدث قصير وقع أثناء ذلك.
مثال آخر:
The students were taking the exam when the electricity went off.
5️⃣ حدثان مستمران معًا
لو نشاطان كانا يحدثان في نفس الوقت:
While Mum was cooking, Dad was washing the dishes.
I was listening to music while my sister was studying.
هنا الاثنين Past Continuous لأن الاثنين كانا مستمرين.
6️⃣ حدثان متتاليان
لو حدث انتهى ثم حدث بعده:
نستخدم Past Simple.
Ahmed finished work and went home.
She picked up the phone and called her mother.
مش محتاج Past Continuous؛ مفيش نشاطان مستمران في نفس الوقت.
7️⃣ سؤال مهم في الامتحان
ركز على المعنى، وليس وجود when/while فقط.
While Ali _____ his car, I was preparing the tools.
a) fixed
b) was fixing
c) has fixed
d) fixes
عندنا نشاطان مستمران في الوقت نفسه:
Ali → was fixing
I → was preparing
✅ was fixing
⚠️ Common Mistakes
❌ I was study when he arrived.
✅ I was studying when he arrived.
❌ While I studied, the phone was ringing.
لو المقصود أن المذاكرة كانت مستمرة وحدث الاتصال أثناءها:
✅ While I was studying, the phone rang.
❌ Yesterday, I was going to school and arrived at 8.
لو نحكي حدثًا مكتملًا بشكل عادي:
✅ Yesterday, I went to school and arrived at 8.
📝 Check Your Understanding
1. I _____ my grandmother yesterday.
a) visit
b) visited
c) was visiting
d) have visited
2. At 9 p.m. last night, we _____ TV.
a) watch
b) were watching
c) have watched
3. While I _____, the phone rang.
a) was studying
b) studied
c) have studied
d) study
4. The children _____ when their father came home.
a) played
b) are playing
c) play
d) were playing
5. Ahmed _____ the door, entered the room and sat down.
a) was opening
b) opens
c) opened
d) has opened
6. I was driving home when I _____ the accident.
a) saw
b) was seeing
c) see
d) have seen
7. While Mum was cooking, Dad _____ the dishes.
a) watch
b) was washing
c) washes
d) has washed
8. What _____ at 10 o'clock last night?
a) did you does
b) have you done
c) were you doing
d) do you do
9. When I was young, I _____ football every day.
a) was playing
b) am playing
c) have played
d) played
10. The sun _____ and the birds were singing as we walked through the park.
a) shone
b) shines
c) was shining
d) has shone
✅ Answers:
1-B | 2-B | 3-A | 4-D | 5-C | 6-A | 7-B | 8-C | 9-D | 10-C